Blake, Andrew, Michael Isard, and John MacCormick. Statistical Models of Visual Shape and Motion. In Sequential Monte Carlo Methods in Practice, edited by Arnaud Doucet, Nando de Freitas, and Neil Gordon, 339-357. New York: Springer, 2001.

This paper addresses some problems in the interpretation of visually observed shapes, both planar and three-dimensional, in motion. Mumford (1996), interpreting the Pattern Theory developed over a number of years by Grenander (1976), views images as pure patterns that have been distorted by a combination of four kinds of degradations. This view applies naturally to the analysis of static, two-dimensional images. The four degradations are given here, together with comments on how they need to be extended to take account of three-dimensional objects in motion.

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